Some Aspects Related to the Behaviour of the Visual Function during Reading

Abstract

The eyes are equipped with a high-precision motor that allows them to orient themselves in any direction with great precision. These movements are maintained even if the sight of one eye is absent. The movements of the eyes are thus coordinated to make binocular vision possible, that is, to allow the recording of a single image, so that the two eyes actually form a single organ. In reality, all eye movements are binocular and the harmonious nature of these movements is conditioned by maintaining a satisfactory binocular vision and avoiding diplopia. Physiologically, binocular movements are divided into voluntary movements and reflex movements (automatic-reflex). Voluntary or reflex eye movements aim to produce associated movements, to ensure a function and not to cause isolated contractions of one or more eye muscles. The eyes can voluntarily orient themselves in any part of the gaze horizontally, vertically or obliquely. Eye movements produced in the same direction can also be considered guided and continuous movements or movements during reading. This movements are eye movements with saccades from one fixation to another. The behaviour of the visual function varies depending on the quality of the text, the degree of culture of the subject, the neuro-vegetative system, age, etc. This paper aims to present a synthetic study on the behaviour of vision during reading.